GIP receptor agonism blocks chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

Tito Borner, Benjamin C. Reiner, Richard C. Crist, C. Daniel Furst, ... Matthew R. Hayes

GIP receptor agonism blocks chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

Objective

Nausea and vomiting remain life-threatening obstacles to successful treatment of chronic diseases, despite a cadre of available antiemetic medications. Our inability to effectively control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) highlights the need to anatomically, molecularly, and functionally characterize novel neural substrates that block CINV.

Methods

Behavioral pharmacology assays of nausea and emesis in 3 different mammalian species were combined with histological and unbiased transcriptomic analyses to investigate the beneficial effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) agonism on CINV.

Results

Single-nuclei transcriptomics and histological approaches in rats revealed a topographical, molecularly distinct, GABA-ergic neuronal population in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) that is modulated by chemotherapy but rescued by GIPR agonism. Activation of DVCGIPR neurons substantially decreased behaviors indicative of malaise in cisplatin-treated rats. Strikingly, GIPR agonism blocks cisplatin-induced emesis in both ferrets and shrews.

Conclusion

Our multispecies study defines a peptidergic system that represents a novel therapeutic target for the management of CINV, and potentially other drivers of nausea/emesis.