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The detrimental effects of sleep loss on glucose tolerance are now well established, and insufficient sleep is a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In fact, sleep loss is comparable with other more traditional risk factors that are associated with the development of T2D, such as physical inactivity.

Nicholas J. Saner, Matthew J-C. Lee, Jujiao Kuang, Nathan W. Pitchford, ... Jonathan D. Bartlett

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Current Issue

FGF15/19 is required for adipose tissue plasticity in response to thermogenic adaptations

Samantha Morón-Ros, Iker Uriarte, Carmen Berasain, Matías A. Avila, ... Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro

Objective

To determine the role of enterokine FGF15/19 in adipose tissue thermogenic adaptations.

Methods

Circulating FGF19 and gene expression (qRT-PCR) levels were assessed in subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese human patients. Effects of experimentally increased FGF15 and FGF19 levels in vivo were determined in mice using adenoviral and adeno-associated vectors. Adipose tissues were characterized in FGF15-null mice under distinct cold-related thermogenic challenges. The analyses spanned metabolic profiling, tissue characterization, histology, gene expression, and immunoblot assays.

Results

In humans, FGF19 levels are directly associated with UCP1 gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Experimental increases in FGF15 or FGF19 induced white fat browning in mice as demonstrated by the appearance of multilocular beige cells and markers indicative of a beige phenotype, including increased UCP1 protein levels. Mice lacking FGF15 showed markedly impaired white adipose tissue browning and a mild reduction in parameters indicative of BAT activity in response to cold-induced environmental thermogenic challenges. This was concomitant with signs of altered systemic metabolism, such as reduced glucose tolerance and impaired cold-induced insulin sensitization.

Conclusions

Enterokine FGF15/19 is a key factor required for adipose tissue plasticity in response to thermogenic adaptations.

Articles in Press

FGF15/19 is required for adipose tissue plasticity in response to thermogenic adaptations

Samantha Morón-Ros, Iker Uriarte, Carmen Berasain, Matías A. Avila, ... Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro

Objective

To determine the role of enterokine FGF15/19 in adipose tissue thermogenic adaptations.

Methods

Circulating FGF19 and gene expression (qRT-PCR) levels were assessed in subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese human patients. Effects of experimentally increased FGF15 and FGF19 levels in vivo were determined in mice using adenoviral and adeno-associated vectors. Adipose tissues were characterized in FGF15-null mice under distinct cold-related thermogenic challenges. The analyses spanned metabolic profiling, tissue characterization, histology, gene expression, and immunoblot assays.

Results

In humans, FGF19 levels are directly associated with UCP1 gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Experimental increases in FGF15 or FGF19 induced white fat browning in mice as demonstrated by the appearance of multilocular beige cells and markers indicative of a beige phenotype, including increased UCP1 protein levels. Mice lacking FGF15 showed markedly impaired white adipose tissue browning and a mild reduction in parameters indicative of BAT activity in response to cold-induced environmental thermogenic challenges. This was concomitant with signs of altered systemic metabolism, such as reduced glucose tolerance and impaired cold-induced insulin sensitization.

Conclusions

Enterokine FGF15/19 is a key factor required for adipose tissue plasticity in response to thermogenic adaptations.

The 60 Second Metabolist

In this section authors briefly report on their work recently published in Molecular Metabolism.

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