Cover Story Current Issue
The small intestine, as the primary site of nutrient absorption, integrates signals from dietary components and gut microbiota to coordinate systemic energy balance, metabolism, and glucose homeostasis alongside other tissues such as the pancreas, liver, and brain. Nuclear receptors represent one mechanism by which the intestinal epithelium senses and respond to dietary signals via transcriptional regulation of metabolic programs. The Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors (PPARs), including PPARα, PPARδ, and PPARγ, are lipid-responsive nuclear hormone receptors. PPAR transcriptional activity is highly context-dependent, shaped by the availability and affinity of their lipid ligands and co-regulators as well as by cell and tissue types. Whereas PPARγ and PPARδ are established regulators of glucose homeostasis, acting in white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver to improve insulin sensitivity, PPARα has been primarily associated with hepatic lipid metabolism, where it promotes fatty acid transport, β-oxidation, and ketogenesis. Due to their roles in lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory processes, selective PPAR agonists are being actively pursued as therapies in clinical and pre-clinical studies for metabolic diseases. Thus, it is critical to improve our understanding of the context-specific and tissue-specific effects of PPAR signaling.
Current Issue
TRPC6 governs brown adipose thermogenesis via a BMPR2-p38 MAPK signaling axis
TRPC6 governs brown adipose thermogenesis via a BMPR2-p38 MAPK signaling axis
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis combats obesity, but mechanisms linking calcium dynamics to thermogenic programming remain incompletely defined. Here, we identify the calcium channel TRPC6 as an essential BAT-intrinsic regulator of metabolic health. BAT-specific Trpc6 knockout (Trpc6BTKO) mice exhibit spontaneous BAT whitening, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired cold tolerance. Upon high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, Trpc6BTKO mice develop exacerbated obesity, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. These phenotypes are driven by increased energy intake and reduced energy expenditure associated with impaired thermogenesis. TRPC6 deficiency suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis. Mechanistically, TRPC6 mediates calcium influx and interacts directly with BMPR2, thereby selectively activating p38 MAPK signaling to drive thermogenic gene expression. Genetic disruption of the TRPC6-BMPR2 complex abolishes TRPC6-mediated thermogenesis. Thus, we define a non-redundant TRPC6-BMPR2-p38 MAPK signaling axis whose disruption underpins obesity and associated metabolic dysfunction, positioning it as a promising therapeutic target for metabolic disease.
Articles in Press
TRPC6 governs brown adipose thermogenesis via a BMPR2-p38 MAPK signaling axis
TRPC6 governs brown adipose thermogenesis via a BMPR2-p38 MAPK signaling axis
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis combats obesity, but mechanisms linking calcium dynamics to thermogenic programming remain incompletely defined. Here, we identify the calcium channel TRPC6 as an essential BAT-intrinsic regulator of metabolic health. BAT-specific Trpc6 knockout (Trpc6BTKO) mice exhibit spontaneous BAT whitening, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired cold tolerance. Upon high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, Trpc6BTKO mice develop exacerbated obesity, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. These phenotypes are driven by increased energy intake and reduced energy expenditure associated with impaired thermogenesis. TRPC6 deficiency suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis. Mechanistically, TRPC6 mediates calcium influx and interacts directly with BMPR2, thereby selectively activating p38 MAPK signaling to drive thermogenic gene expression. Genetic disruption of the TRPC6-BMPR2 complex abolishes TRPC6-mediated thermogenesis. Thus, we define a non-redundant TRPC6-BMPR2-p38 MAPK signaling axis whose disruption underpins obesity and associated metabolic dysfunction, positioning it as a promising therapeutic target for metabolic disease.
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